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Create ResumeA strong cover letter should quickly prove three things: you understand the role, you can do the work, and there is a sensible reason you are applying. Before sending yours, check that it is tailored to the job, clear about your relevant experience, specific rather than generic, easy to skim, and free from lazy mistakes such as repeating your CV or using vague lines like “I am passionate about this opportunity”. In the UK job market, a cover letter rarely wins the job by itself, but it can absolutely strengthen your application when it answers the questions a recruiter or hiring manager is already asking. The best cover letters make the decision easier. The weakest ones create doubt.
Most people treat a cover letter checklist like a grammar exercise. Spelling, layout, greeting, sign off, done.
That is not enough.
A useful cover letter checklist should help you answer a more important question: does this letter make me look like a credible, relevant, low risk candidate for this specific job?
That is what recruiters and hiring managers are looking for. Not poetic writing. Not dramatic enthusiasm. Not a life story. They want a quick, sensible explanation of why your application belongs in the “worth interviewing” pile.
When I read a cover letter, I am not sitting there hoping to be dazzled by adjectives. I am checking whether the candidate has connected the dots. Do they understand the job? Have they shown relevant experience? Are they applying with intention, or does this feel like the same letter sent to thirty employers before lunch?
That is the real purpose of this checklist. It is not just to make your cover letter look polished. It is to make sure it works in a real hiring process.
Recruiters usually read cover letters quickly. That does not mean they are irrelevant. It means the useful information needs to appear quickly.
In a busy UK recruitment process, your cover letter is usually checked for signals such as:
Whether you are applying for the right type of role
Whether your experience matches the job requirements
Whether your motivation sounds specific or copied
Whether there is a clear reason for your interest in the company
Whether you can communicate professionally
Whether there are any red flags, gaps, confusion, or contradictions
Whether the letter supports the CV rather than repeats it
Here is the honest bit. A cover letter is rarely read with the patience of a novel. It is scanned for relevance.
That means the first few lines matter. If your opening paragraph says, “I am writing to apply for the role of...” and then repeats the job title, you have technically written an opening, but you have not given the reader anything useful yet. The hiring manager already knows what role you applied for. What they need to know is why you make sense for it.
A stronger opening gives the reader a reason to keep going.
Weak Example:
I am writing to apply for the Marketing Executive role at your company. I believe I would be a great fit because I am hardworking, motivated, and passionate about marketing.
Good Example:
I am applying for the Marketing Executive role because my recent experience managing paid social campaigns, email newsletters, and content calendars closely matches the mix of hands on delivery and commercial awareness outlined in the job description.
The second version is not trying too hard. It simply makes the match obvious. That is what good applications do.
Use this checklist before submitting your application. Do not just tick the boxes mechanically. Read each point and ask whether your cover letter gives the employer enough evidence to trust you.
Your cover letter should clearly reflect the role you are applying for. This sounds obvious, but it is where many candidates lose impact.
A generic cover letter usually says things like:
I am a strong communicator
I work well in a team
I am passionate about the industry
I am looking for a new challenge
I believe I would be a great fit
None of that is automatically wrong. The problem is that it could apply to almost anyone.
A tailored cover letter picks out the actual requirements of the job and responds to them. If the job description mentions stakeholder management, reporting, customer service, compliance, sales targets, project coordination, or team leadership, your letter should show relevant evidence.
You do not need to mention every requirement. You do need to show that you have understood the main ones.
Before sending, check:
Have I referred to the real responsibilities in the job advert?
Have I shown evidence that matches the most important requirements?
Could this same letter be sent to five different companies without changing much?
Have I used the employer’s language naturally, without copying the advert word for word?
A tailored cover letter does not mean rewriting your entire career history. It means selecting the most relevant parts and making them easy to see.
The opening paragraph should not waste space. It should quickly tell the reader why your application makes sense.
A good opening usually includes:
The role you are applying for
Your most relevant experience or background
A clear connection between your skills and the employer’s needs
A specific reason the opportunity interests you
The mistake I see often is candidates opening with emotion before evidence. They write about excitement, passion, admiration, and dreams. That may feel warm, but in recruitment terms it is not enough.
Hiring managers are not against enthusiasm. They just need relevance first.
Weak Example:
I was very excited to see this opportunity because I have always wanted to work for your organisation and I am passionate about delivering excellent results.
Good Example:
I was interested in this role because it combines client relationship management, operational coordination, and process improvement, which are the areas I have been responsible for in my current position as a Customer Success Coordinator.
The good version does not beg for attention. It earns it.
In the UK job market, especially for competitive roles, clarity beats dramatic language. If the reader has to work hard to understand why you are suitable, the letter is not doing its job.
Your cover letter should not simply repeat your CV in paragraph form. That is one of the fastest ways to make it feel pointless.
Your CV shows what you have done. Your cover letter should explain why that experience matters for this role.
Think of it like this:
Your CV gives the evidence
Your cover letter gives the positioning
Your CV lists the facts
Your cover letter connects the facts to the employer’s problem
For example, your CV might say you managed a team of six. Your cover letter can explain that this is relevant because the role needs someone who can lead a small team through change, improve workflows, or manage service standards.
That is the difference between information and persuasion.
Before sending, check:
Have I explained why my experience is relevant?
Have I avoided copying full bullet points from my CV?
Have I highlighted the strongest two or three reasons I fit the role?
Have I made the employer’s decision easier?
A cover letter should feel like a guided explanation of your suitability. Not a second CV wearing a slightly different coat.
This is a big one.
Most weak cover letters rely on claims. Strong cover letters use evidence.
Anyone can say they are organised, proactive, adaptable, commercial, collaborative, analytical, or passionate. These words only become useful when they are supported by something real.
Weak Example:
I am highly organised and able to manage multiple priorities in a fast paced environment.
Good Example:
In my current role, I coordinate weekly reporting, supplier follow ups, and internal project deadlines across three departments, so I am used to managing competing priorities without losing track of detail.
The good version works because it shows the behaviour behind the claim.
Recruiters are trained by repetition. We see the same vague statements constantly. After a while, unsupported claims become background noise.
Before sending your cover letter, check every major claim and ask: have I proved this, or have I just said it?
Useful evidence can include:
Relevant responsibilities
Projects delivered
Results achieved
Types of customers, clients, or stakeholders supported
Systems, tools, or processes used
Problems solved
Scale, volume, complexity, or pace of work
You do not need to overload the letter with metrics. But where you can be specific, be specific. Specificity creates trust.
Motivation is one of the most misunderstood parts of a cover letter.
Candidates often think motivation means telling the employer how much they admire them. That can sound flattering, but it is not always convincing.
A strong motivation section answers: why this role, why this company, and why now?
That does not mean you need a dramatic story. It means your reason should sound considered.
Weak motivation sounds like:
I have always wanted to work here
I am passionate about your mission
I am excited by this opportunity
Your company has an excellent reputation
I am looking for career progression
Better motivation sounds more specific:
The role matches the kind of work you want to do more of
The company’s market, product, clients, or values genuinely connect with your background
The move makes logical sense at this stage of your career
The responsibilities align with the direction you are trying to develop
The organisation offers the environment where your strengths are useful
Employers are not expecting you to write a love letter. They are checking whether your interest makes sense.
In real hiring discussions, motivation matters because employers worry about risk. Will this person stay? Do they understand the role? Are they applying randomly? Will they lose interest after three months because the job is not what they imagined?
A good cover letter reduces that doubt.
This is where cover letters can be genuinely powerful.
A CV is not always able to explain context. A cover letter can.
You might use your cover letter to briefly explain:
A career change
A return to work
A relocation within the UK
A move from contract to permanent work
A shift into a different sector
A gap that might otherwise raise questions
Why you are applying for a role that looks slightly different from your recent experience
This does not mean turning the letter into a defence statement. You do not need to over explain. You need to remove confusion.
For example, if you are relocating from Manchester to London, say so clearly if the role is London based. Otherwise, a recruiter may wonder whether location will become a problem later.
Good Example:
I am currently based in Manchester and relocating to London in September, which is why I am now focusing on permanent operations roles within commuting distance of central London.
That one sentence can prevent unnecessary doubt.
The same applies to career changes. Do not pretend the change is invisible. Explain the transferable logic.
Good Example:
Although my background is in retail management, the parts of the role I have most enjoyed and developed are staff training, customer issue resolution, rota planning, and performance reporting, which is why I am now applying for customer operations roles.
That is useful because it shows direction. It does not leave the employer guessing.
Many candidates write cover letters in a strange formal voice they would never use in real life.
Suddenly, normal people start writing things like “I wish to express my sincere interest in the aforementioned vacancy.” Nobody speaks like that unless they are trapped inside a Victorian filing cabinet.
A good UK cover letter should sound professional, clear, and human. Not overly casual, not robotic, and not stuffed with corporate phrases.
Avoid language that sounds inflated, such as:
I deem myself to be
I hereby submit
I possess exceptional interpersonal capabilities
I am an enthusiastic and dynamic individual
I believe my skill set aligns perfectly
Instead, use plain, confident language:
I have experience in
I am particularly interested in
This role stood out because
My background matches this requirement because
I would bring
The aim is not to sound clever. The aim is to sound credible.
Recruiters notice tone because tone signals judgement. If your writing is clear, relevant, and measured, that creates confidence. If it is vague, exaggerated, or painfully formal, it can make the application feel less grounded.
Some cover letter mistakes look small but create a poor impression quickly.
Before sending, check you have avoided these common issues:
Addressing the wrong company
Mentioning the wrong job title
Leaving in copied text from another application
Writing more than one page
Repeating your CV without adding context
Using vague phrases without evidence
Over apologising for missing experience
Sounding desperate rather than interested
Making the letter all about what you want, not what you offer
Using the same generic letter for every application
The wrong company name is the classic disaster. It happens more than people think. And yes, recruiters notice. Instantly.
But the more subtle mistake is making the letter too candidate centred.
A weak cover letter often says:
I want to develop my skills
I want to grow my career
I want an opportunity
I want to learn
I want to join a great company
Those points may be true, but the employer is reading with a different question in mind: what can this person do for us?
A strong cover letter balances both sides. It shows your motivation, but it also explains your value.
A cover letter should usually be around half a page to one page. Long enough to be useful. Short enough to be read.
In most UK applications, three to five focused paragraphs are enough.
A practical structure is:
A clear opening that connects you to the role
One paragraph showing your most relevant experience
One paragraph explaining motivation and fit
A short closing that is polite and confident
You do not need to include every achievement. Your cover letter should highlight the strongest evidence, then let the CV carry the detail.
The mistake is trying to prove everything. When a cover letter becomes too long, the strongest points get buried. Recruiters do not reward volume. They reward relevance.
Before sending, ask:
Can the reader understand my fit within thirty seconds?
Have I removed anything that repeats the CV without adding meaning?
Is every paragraph earning its space?
Have I focused on the role rather than my entire career history?
Good editing is not about making your letter shorter for the sake of it. It is about making the value easier to find.
This matters because recruiters and hiring managers often read applications differently.
A recruiter usually checks for match, clarity, risk, and shortlist potential. They are asking:
Does this person meet the brief?
Is the experience relevant enough to progress?
Are there any obvious concerns?
Can I confidently present this candidate?
A hiring manager usually reads with the work itself in mind. They are asking:
Can this person do the job?
Have they handled similar responsibilities?
Will they understand the environment?
Do they seem sensible and credible?
Would I want to interview them?
Your cover letter needs to satisfy both.
That means it should include enough keywords and role alignment for the recruiter, but enough practical evidence for the hiring manager.
For example, if you are applying for a project coordinator role, do not only say you are organised. Mention the type of coordination you have done: timelines, stakeholders, budgets, suppliers, reporting, risks, meeting actions, or delivery tracking.
That helps the recruiter match you to the brief and helps the hiring manager picture you doing the work.
This is where many cover letters fail. They are polite, but they are not operationally useful. They do not help the reader imagine the candidate in the role.
Every job exists because an employer needs something done.
A cover letter becomes stronger when it shows you understand that need.
For example:
A sales role needs revenue, pipeline, client conversations, and resilience
A customer service role needs issue resolution, patience, accuracy, and tone
An operations role needs process, coordination, problem solving, and follow through
A finance role needs accuracy, controls, deadlines, and trust
A marketing role needs audience understanding, execution, analysis, and commercial awareness
A management role needs team performance, judgement, accountability, and communication
Your cover letter should not just say, “I want this job.” It should show, “I understand what this job requires, and here is where I have done similar work.”
That is the shift.
A hiring manager does not want to decode your potential from vague enthusiasm. They want to see evidence that you understand the work.
Before sending, ask yourself:
What problem is this employer hiring someone to solve?
Which parts of my background show I can solve it?
Have I written the letter around their needs, not just my hopes?
This is how you move from generic application to credible candidate positioning.
Use this final checklist before you submit your application.
The letter is tailored to the specific role and company
The opening paragraph explains why your application makes sense
Your most relevant experience is easy to identify
You have shown evidence, not just listed personal qualities
The letter adds context beyond your CV
Your motivation sounds specific and believable
Any potential concern is briefly explained if needed
The tone is professional, natural, and clear
The letter is no longer than necessary
The company name, job title, and hiring details are correct
You have removed generic filler phrases
The letter focuses on what you can offer, not only what you want
The content works for both recruiter screening and hiring manager review
The final version is easy to skim on screen
You would feel comfortable reading it aloud because it sounds like a real person wrote it
That last point is more useful than people realise. If your cover letter sounds awkward when read aloud, it probably sounds awkward on the page too.
Here is the test I would use.
After reading your cover letter, can someone answer these questions?
What role are you applying for?
What relevant experience do you bring?
Why does this move make sense?
Why this employer or type of organisation?
What value would you bring quickly?
Is there anything confusing that needs explaining?
If the answer is unclear, the letter needs work.
A strong cover letter does not need to be perfect. It needs to be useful. It should help the employer understand your fit faster than the CV alone.
That is especially important in the UK job market, where many roles attract large application volumes and recruiters are often screening quickly. When two candidates have similar CVs, the one who explains their relevance more clearly often feels easier to progress.
Not because they used magic words. Because they reduced uncertainty.
If I were editing most cover letters, I would remove a surprising amount.
I would cut:
Long introductions about being excited
Generic personality claims
Repeated CV summaries
Overly formal phrases
Company flattery with no substance
Apologies for missing requirements
Sentences that could apply to any role
Anything that makes the reader wait too long for relevance
Then I would strengthen:
The role match
The evidence
The motivation
The explanation of career logic
The connection between experience and employer need
This is usually where the biggest improvement happens. Not from making the letter more decorative, but from making it sharper.
A good cover letter is not about sounding impressive in the abstract. It is about making the hiring decision feel more obvious.
Written by Simar Malhi, a recruiter and headhunter with international recruitment experience. I write about CVs, job applications, hiring decisions, and the reality behind recruitment processes. My goal is to help candidates understand more honestly how employers, recruiters, and hiring managers actually select candidates.
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